2025

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PHJ № 3 (47) 2025 — O. V. Tatarnikov. THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ORENBURG TELEVISION STUDIO DURING THE “THAW” (1961–1964)

The article examines the period of formation and development of the Orenburg Television Studio in 1961–1964. The main focus is on studying the structure of the TV studio, its repertoire and the everyday moments of its work. The article also describes various difficulties that plagued Orenburg television Broadcasting in the early years of its operation. The author emphasizes the influence of the “thaw” era on the active development of central and regional television in the USSR. Due to the fact that television staff have a certain creative freedom during this period, the Orenburg Television Studio was able to come from chaotic broadcasting to regular production of programs and films of its own production on central television in the 4 years that fell during this era. The author concludes that Orenburg television of the “thaw” era simultaneously combined an educational, entertaining and ideological repertoire. This feature has allowed local television broadcasting to become one of the main ways for Orenburg residents to spend their leisure time. The article is based on an extensive source base consisting of office records, periodical materials and sources of personal origin.

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PHJ № 3 (47) 2025 — A. A. Antonov. VIRTUES OF ANCIENT GREEK PHYSICIANS ACCORDING TO HELLENISTIC EPIGRAPHIC SOURCES FROM ASIA MINOR AND THE AEGEAN ISLANDS

The article’s focus is on the dearth of research concerning the virtues of ancient Greek physicians. It is customary for researchers to ascertain the moral and ethical qualities of a physician by referring to the Hippocratic corpus. Therefore, the opinion expressed is that of a medical practitioner, as determined by the relevant physician. In contrast to medical literature, honorary decrees illustrate the socially approved qualities of physicians from the perspective of the general citizenry, rather than that of professional colleagues. The virtues enumerated in the honorary decrees bestowed upon physicians align with the principles of an ideal citizen, embodying tangible, rather than abstract, philosophical or purely professional attributes of a physician. The present paper explores the virtues of physicians in a context of the common civic virtues attributed to the euergetes of the Hellenistic era. As demonstrated in the paper, physicians were attributed the same virtues as philanthropists and politicians. Concurrently, the decrees exhibit a paucity of special professional virtues; the prevailing emphasis is on “medical art” as it is the primary virtue of a physician. Consequently, the honorary decrees illustrate the physician as a constituent of the polis collective, and the most accomplished physicians are distinguished by the same qualities as political leaders — kalokagathia, zeal, and ambition.

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PHJ № 3 (47) 2025 — A. K. Salmin. THE ARAB FACTORS IN THE HISTORY OF THE SAVIRS

The history of the Savirs/Suvars, historical predecessors of the Chuvash, has seen several forced migrations of this people compelled to leave their settlements hastily. Thus, in the North Caucasian period (in 737) they lived through a scary invasion of Arab armed forces and had to move farther north. Goals of the article: to analyse sources and literature; show the drama in the life of the Savirs; get to the root cause of the Arab aggression upon the Turks; describe the stubborn resistance of the native population and the end of the warfare. Among them are the 11th century Persian literary monument “Derbent-name” by Muhammad Avabi Aktashi, and the works of Armenian and Arabic-speaking historians of the early Middle Ages. We got an insight into publications of leading orientalist historians, archeologists, ethnologists, and religion scholars. Those were works of such researchers as A. K. Alikberov, N. I. Ashmarin, O. M. & Sh. O. Davudovs, M. S. Gadzhiev, Anait Khudaverdian, A. K. Shahinyan, Peter Golden, and others. The article has traced and analyzed the advance of Arabs through Caucasus from South to North. The goal of this military campaign was to spread the religion of Islam on the conquered lands and to expand the economic influence of the Umayyads. The Arab-Khazar-Savir war in 737 brought the history of the Country of the Suvars with the capital in Varachan to a close, and people of this country were forced to move North.

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PHJ № 3 (47) 2025 — A. N. Chistikov. ORDERS OF THE FILM REPERTOIRE CONTROL DEPARTMENT AS A HISTORICAL SOURCE

The article is devoted to the analysis of the orders of the Department for the Control of film Repertoire of the Main Directorate of Cinematography and Film Distribution as a historical source. These materials have not yet been subjected to a source assessment. The orders for 1954–1955 are used for the study. In the history of the country, these were the first years of the activity of the new political leadership, which led to noticeable changes in the domestic and foreign policy of the state. In the history of cinema, the period of low-quality has come to an end. The orders included an assessment of the movies’ readiness for rental or for continued display. According to the results of such an examination, they were divided into four groups: 1) allow, 2) extend, 3) remove, and 4) make corrections. The analysis of the orders leads the author to the conclusion that their use by historians will contribute to a more in-depth study of the history of Soviet cinema and film distribution, as well as state policy in the field of leisure. In some cases, orders can be considered as one of the tools for recording changes in the domestic and foreign policy of the Soviet country in the mid‑1950s and forming a new public opinion of Soviet viewers.

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PHJ № 3 (47) 2025 — I. E. Barykina. THE FORMATION OF THE PARLIAMENTARY CULTURE OF RUSSIAN SOCIETY: FROM THE MEMOIRS OF O. V. SINAKEVICH-YAFA ABOUT THE STATE DUMA OF THE FIRST CONVOCATION

The convocation of the State Duma in 1906 was met with significant enthusiasm by the Russian populace. However, for the electoral system and legislative institution to function effectively, it was necessary to form a political culture in Russian society. The State Duma of the first convocation is widely regarded as the most open parliament to society, evidenced by its organisation of public events. In June 1906, an excursion was organised for teachers participating in the Pedagogical Congress to the Tauride Palace. The event was documented in the notes of O. V. Yafa.

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PHJ № 3 (47) 2025 — N. N. Smirnov. A NEW PLOT IN THE HISTORY OF THE CULTURE OF THE RUSSIAN DIASPORA. BOOK REVIEW: TOLSTOY M. LINGERING SONG. ST. PETERSBURG: ZVEZDA JOURNAL, 2025. 608 P. + INCL. (72 P.)

The book under review is a documentary investigation of the biography of an outstanding figure of Russian and foreign culture, choirmaster Vasily Fedorovich Kibalchich, a student of the famous composer and choral conductor A. A. Arkhangelsky, a colleague of I. F. Stravinsky and S. P. Diaghilev. Based on the study of a wide range of archival and published sources, periodicals, diaries and memoirs of contemporaries, the author traces the life path of his hero, who was born and educated in Russia, a participant in the revolutionary movement, widely known in Europe and the United States as a propagandist of Russian music, the founder and leader of the famous Russian Symphony Choir, which became famous in America in the 1920s and 1930s as a notable figure of the Russian musical diaspora.

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PHJ № 4 (48) 2025 — E. V. Koren. DECEMBRISM IN THE ASPECT OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE CIVIC CONSCIOUSNESS OF RUSSIAN SOCIETY

The article demonstrates that the mentality of the Decembrists, representing the noble intelligentsia, evolved in conjunction with the development of the political culture of society, the establishment of civil concepts of the fatherland, state and law, service, honour and duty. The Decembrist movement emerged in the context of the patriotic upsurge caused by the Patriotic War of 1812, contributing to the development of feelings of belonging to the people and the fatherland among educated military youth. The phenomenon of Decembrism was indicative of the transition of Russian society from the consciousness of subjects to that of citizens. The fundamental purpose of secret societies was to eliminate absolutism and serfdom, establish a constitution, and ensure the equality of citizens. The Decembrists demonstrated their revolutionary inclinations during the crisis of the interregnum of 1825. Conclusions were drawn: 1) the phenomenon of Decembrism is indicative of the advancement of Russian civic consciousness in the early 19th century, to the extent that it was able to challenge the prevailing power structure; 2) the Decembrists were unambiguous in their articulation of a civic position, representing an alternative to the prevailing autocratic-serf ideology; 3) the actions of the noble revolutionaries demonstrated an understanding of patriotism and service to the fatherland, with a focus on national interests; 4) Decembrism represented the first large-scale movement of the intelligentsia. The intelligentsia were those who defended civil law values and assumed historical responsibility for the fate of the country and the people. The findings of this study have the potential to inform future research on Decembrism, the mentality of the intelligentsia, and the civic development of Russian society.

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PHJ № 4 (48) 2025 — V. S. Parsamov. REPUBLICAN PROJECTS IN THE DECEMBRIST MOVEMENT

The political projects of the Decembrists concerning the future structure of Russia were diverse, yet all were predicated on the establishment of a republican system in Russia. The tradition of contrasting the constitutional projects of P. Pestel and N. Muravyev as republican and constitutional-monarchical is the result of the transfer of later ideas to the Decembrists’ era. Within the political thought of the early 19th century, both projects were regarded as republican, with the primary distinction lying in the nature of the republican system itself. The two systems under discussion are Pestel’s parliamentary republic and Muravyev’s presidential one. In addition to the two projects previously described in detail in the works of their respective authors, there were at least two other projects that were not described in detail, but can be reconstructed from indirect evidence. The concept of a presidential republic, as outlined by N. Turgenev, deviates from Muravyov’s proposal by virtue of the heightened authority bestowed upon the president, in contrast to the imperial republic of the Order of Russian Knights, a concept elaborated upon within the milieu of M. A. Dmitriev-Mamonov and M. F. Orlov.

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PHJ № 4 (48) 2025 — Yu. V. Kim. LANDOWNER, ARISTOCRAT, DECEMBRIST, DREAMER: V. A. MUSIN-PUSHKIN IN THE CONTEXT OF PRESCRIBED STATUSES AND NEW ROLES

Count V. A. Musin-Pushkin (1798–1854), a representative of the “young” generation of Decembrists, did not participate in the war with Napoleon or the foreign campaigns of the Russian army due to his age. The subject’s environment was that of an aristocratic family (his father being Catherine’s nobleman, archaeographer Count A. I. Musin-Pushkin). The material well-being that surrounded the count from childhood predetermined the range of occupations and spheres of activity of the young man from a wealthy family. Notwithstanding, V. A. Musin-Pushkin defiantly diverged from the conventional mores of the noble aristocracy, manifesting an unabashedly libertarian disposition and forging an autonomous trajectory for himself. The article, which is based on unpublished sources from Russian archives (namely, the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts, the Russian State Historical Archive, the State Archive of the Yaroslavl Region, and the Central State Archive of the City of Moscow), reveals the material conditions of V. A. Musin-Pushkin, his family atmosphere, and a picture of his daily activities, interests, and inclinations. The article also traces the fate of the young man after his release from arrest in the Decembrist case. In the challenging environment of supervision, V. A. Musin-Pushkin encountered his future wife and attained personal contentment despite the presence of impediments and adversity. Following the matrimony, the count and countess took up residence in the estate known as “Borisogleb” in the Mologsky district of the Yaroslavl province. The article discusses the activities of the Musin-Pushkin spouses in the management of the estate, as well as markers of the economic status and estate life.