history of diplomacy

The Nigeria-Biafra War (1967-1970) constituted a pivotal con ict in the history of Africa, characterised by external interference. This study analyses the role of external powers, with a particular focus on Britain, in the context of peacemaking and con ict resolution in the war. This article examines the role of major powers, including Britain, the United States, France, and the Soviet Union, and their in uence on the peace settlement process. The historical narrative approach was employed to examine the subject matter in greater detail. The primary data was obtained from the British National Archives in Kew, London, and from contemporary secondary sources. The article demonstrates how these interventions in uenced the outcome of the conflict and a ected regional mediation e orts. The paper highlights that external involvement in peacemaking in an internal armed con ict has the potential to undermine the e cacy of internally-driven peace initiatives, and even impede the capacity to make meaningful strides towards conflict resolution. By analysing these historical events, this research o ers valuable insights into the complexities of international involvement in internal conflicts and their implications for peace settlement processes.