rivalry of empires

The article is devoted to the study of the formation of French colonial policy towards Maghreb countries, as well as the analysis of the Ottoman Empire’s policy to protect its North African provinces from European encroachments. The work examines the entire period of the July Monarchy in France, that is, from 1830 to 1848, which allows us to draw conclusions about the goals, objectives and methods of colonial expansion of the French authorities in Maghreb. An analysis of the policy of the Ottoman Empire towards its Maghreb provinces during the period under study shows that the Sublime Porte was not indifferent to the events on its western outskirts and played a much more active role than has been previously believed in historiography in attempts to resist the European powers. The novelty of the study also lies in identifying the methods used by each of the empires in attempts to attract the Maghreb countries into their orbit of influence. France and the Ottoman Empire resorted to both violent methods and the policy of “soft power”, as well as provocations and intimidation. The article examines not only the policy of the great powers, but also the position of the object of this policy — the authorities of the province of Tunisia. The analysis of the documents shows the desire for independence of the Husseinid dynasty of Tunisia, an attempt to achieve it by playing on the contradictions between the great powers. The author comes to conclusion that the period 1830–1848 prepared the ground in Maghreb for French expansion in the following decades.